Santa Clara University

Staff & Faculty - Bill Eisinger

Biology department


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Dr. William Eisinger


Professor

Alumni Science 263
500 El Camino Real
Santa Clara, CA 95053
Tel: 408-554-4807
Fax: 408-554-2710
weisinger@scu.edu



Educational Background

B.S. 1965 Hiram College Ohio 
M.S. 1967 Purdue University
Ph.D., 1971 University of Miami

Postdoctoral Research 1970-1972 Stanford University

Teaching

Bio 4 Light and Life
Bio 125 Plant Physiology
Bio 128 Plant Development
Bio 131 Agroecology

Research 

Light Regulation of Guard Cell Function

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Working with Dr. Lincoln Taiz and Dr.Roberto Bogomolni (UC Santa Cruz) we resolved the UV action spectrum for guard cell function (Eisinger et al. 2000. Plant Physiol. 121:1375-1382). In addition to the well known peak of activity at about 360 nm (UVA), we discovered a three times greater peak of response at about 280 nm (UVB). In light mixing studies we discovered   that green light strongly inhibits blue light-induced stomate opening. Likewise, UV-B-induced opening is also antagonized by green light. To determine whether UV-B is being absorbed by the blue light photoreceptor or by a separate UV-B receptor, the UV-B responses of two different Arabidopsis mutants, npq1 and phot1/phot2, were tested (Eisinger et al. 2003. American Journal of Botany 90 (11):1560-1566 ) . Both putative blue light-photoreceptor mutants exhibited normal stomatal opening in response to UV-B, consistent with the existence of a separate UV-B photoreceptor. From light mixing experiments we concluded that both phot1 and phot 2, as well as zeaxanthin, are required for the normal green light inhibition of UV-B. A model for a photoreceptor network regulating stomatal is presented above. Unlike the situation in guard cells, the UV-B bending response of Arabidopsis hypocotyls during phototropism appears to be mediated by phototropins.

Copper Toxicity
undefinedDr. Lincoln Taiz (UCSC) and Dr. Leon Kochian (Cornell) and I studied the effects of copper ions on potassium ion efflux from Arabidopsis roots (Murphy et al. 1999. Plant Physiol. 121:1375-1382). We found that copper induced potassium leakage by opening potassium ion channels and not by merely damaging membranes. In addition, copper treatment induced citrate release by roots. Citrate release is tightly coupled to potassium ion release and may be a mechanism to reduce copper toxicity.

Tropical Soils
I have been studying soils in Brasso Seco, Trinidad in undefinedcooperation with Dr. Gregory Gouveia (University of the West Indies). Brasso Seco is a small rainforest village in the northern mountain range. Working with Santa Clara undergraduates, we measured soil pH, essential elements and organic content. We found most agricultural soils were depleted in nitrogen (measured as nitrates or ammonium) and organics despite widespread use of manures. Virgin soils were strongly acidic, but most agricultural soils were less acidic.

Ethnobotany and Rainforest Ecology Education
 undefinedDuring our visits to Brasso Seco we interviewed residents about their knowledge of medicinal plants then recorded their information, photographed and collected sample plants. Dr. Elizabeth Bell (SCU Biology) helped identify the plants review the literature on traditional uses of these plants. We plan to focus on unique uses of medicinal plants in Brasso Seco. Many of the young people who live in Brasso Seco have little appreciation or understanding of the beautiful rainforest around their village. In response to this, we worked with village school teachers to develop rainforest education programs based on "The Magic School Bus Explores the Rainforest" (for elementary students) and "The Digital Rainforest" (older students and adults). We developed 15 lesson plans linked to the computer programs and local field guides took students on tours of the rainforest.

Desert Ecology - Research and Education
I am just beginning a collaboration with Dr. Sara Garcia (CP&E), Dr. Peg Graham (Anthropology/Sociology), scientists at the CEISS ( Centro de Investigaciones Sobre undefinedla Sequía Instituto de Ecologia A.C.) and teachers in the Aldama, Mexico school system. My students and I hope to study water and soil quality along with scientists from the CEISS. In addition, we plan to train local teachers to sample and test water from local streams and lakes. Dr. Garcia coordinates an ecology education program linking local school children and teachers with the research and a community education program

Publications

Murphy, A., W. Eisinger, J. Shaff, L. Kochian and L. Taiz. 1999. Early copper-induced leakage of potassium from Arabidopsis seedlings is mediated by ion channels and coupled to citrate efflux.Plant Physiology 121:1375-1382.

Eisinger, W, T. E. Swartz, R. Bogomolni and L. Taiz. 2000. The UV action spectrum for stomate opening in Vicia faba. Plant Physiology 122:99-105.

William R. Eisinger, Roberto A. Bogomolni and Lincoln Taiz (2003) Interactions between a blue-green reversible photoreceptor and a separate UV-B receptor in stomatal guard cells. American Journal of Botany 90 (11):1560-1566.