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Citing Business Web Resources in MLA & APA styles

MLA

General Guidelines

Most of the items in these fulltext databases have print/paper equivalents. Therefore, the first part of the citation is exactly the same as with the print equivalent. So, you start out your citation the same as you would for any newspaper article, journal article, government document, reference book, and so on, as much as you can. However, at the end, you add these five elements:

  • Name of the database, underlined (e.g. Academic Search Elite, Expanded Academic ASAP, Congressional Universe).
  • Publisher of the database (e.g. EBSCO Publishing, LEXIS-NEXIS, Thomson, Gale Group, Dow Jones Reuters.)
  • Name of the library from which you accessed the database (e.g. University Library, Santa Clara University.)
  • Date you accessed the item in the form DAY MONTH YEAR (e.g. 25 December 2005)
  • URL for the home database, in brackets, e.g. < >

NOTE: In the examples below you will find the names of the databases, publishers, and urls of SCU's major fulltext databases.

 DeBernardo, Robert L. and Carmen E. Aldinger. "An E-Mail Assessment of
     Undergraduates' Attitudes Toward Smoking." Journal of American College
     Health 48.2 (1999):61-66. Academic Search Elite. EBSCO Publishing.
     University Library, Santa Clara University. 18 Nov. 2002
     <http://ehostweb20.epnet.coml>. 
 DuVall, J. "Liberation Without War." Sojourners Feb. 2004:20 3. WilsonWeb. H. W.
     Wilson Company. University Library, Santa Clara University. 31 March 2004
     <http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb>. 
 "Tribute to the Late Honorable Barbara Jordan." Congressional Record 24 Jan.
     1996. Congressional Universe. Congressional Information Service.
     University Library, Santa Clara University. 19 Nov. 2002
     <http://web.lexis nexis.com/congcomp/>. 
 Bogert, Carroll. "Timely Tale of Aid Worker's Heroic Battles." USA Today 1 Jul.
     1999, final : 7D. Factiva. Dow Jones Reuters. University Library, Santa Clara
     University. 18 Nov. 2002 <http://nrstg2s.djnr.com/>. 
 Sarris, Andrew. "From the Kaiser to the Oscar." New York Times 27 Dec. 1998,
     late ed., final, sec. 7: 5+. Academic Universe. LEXIS-NEXIS. University
     Library, Santa Clara University. 19 Nov. 2002
     <http://web.lexis nexis.com/universe/>. 
 "Money that Grows on Trees." Institutional Investor Americas 33.10 (1999):219.
     Business & Industry. RDS Responsive Database Services, Inc. University
     Library, Santa Clara University. 19 Nov. 2002 <http://bizsuite.rdsinc.com/>. 
 "Barbara Jordan." Notable Black American Women, Book 1 Farmington Hills, MI:
     Gale Research, 1992. Biography Resource  Center. The Gale Group. University
     Library, Santa Clara University. 19 Nov. 2002
     <http://www.galenet.com/servlet/BioRC>. 
 Mergent FIS. Company Data Report: Borders Group, Inc. 24 Jan. 1999. Thomson
     Research. Thomson Corporation. University Library, Santa Clara University.
     19 Nov. 2002 <http://www.fisonline.com/>. 
 Kitchen, Judith, and Stan Sanvel Rubinand. "A Conversation with Rita Dove." Black
     American Literature Forum 20.3 (1986): 227-40. Contemporary Literary Criticism
     Select. The Gale Group. University Library, Santa Clara University. 19 Nov. 2002
     <http://www.galenet.com/servlet/LitRC>. 
 "Afghanistan: Leader of Shi'i Faction Elaborates on the Position of Women." Voice
     of the Islamic Republic of Iran External Service 22 June 1997. Global Newsbank.
     NewsBank Inc. University Library, Santa Clara University. 19 Nov. 2002
     <http://infoweb.newsbank.com/>. 
 Average hourly earnings, 2000, 2001, 2002. Table. Euromonitor, 2003. Global
     Market Information Database. Euromonitor. University Library, Santa Clara
     University. 12 August 2003 <http://www.euromonitor.com/gmidv1/>

The MLA examples in this guide are based on the 6th edition of the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (New York: MLA, 2003). For additional details and examples, see section 5.9 of that book.

You may also want to check out the following citation guide on the web:

  • "Internet Citation Guides: Citing Electronic Sources in Research Papers and Bibliographies." University of Wisconsin-Madison. Memorial Library 6 November 2002. 11 August 2003 <http://memorial.library.wisc.edu/citing.htm>

APA

General Guidelines

Most of the items in these fulltext databases have print/paper equivalents. Therefore, the first part of the citation is exactly the same as with the print equivalent. So, you start out your citation the same as you would for any book, journal article, dissertation, book chapter, reference book, and so on. However, at the end, you need to add a statement of the form:

Retrieved Month Day, Year from Database Name.

These should all be double-spaced.

Some examples:

 Brown, A. S. (2003, May). A review of the deja vu experience. Psychological
 
     Bulletin, 129, 394-413. Retrieved August 11, 2003, from PsycARTICLES.
 
 Maitre, M. (2003, June 22). Inequality 101: a public education is not the same
 
     for all students; many students left ill-prepared for college.
 
     Alameda Times-Star. Retrieved August 11, 2003, from Academic Universe.
 
 Barbara Jordan. (1998). Encyclopedia of World Biography. Farmington Hills, MI.:
 
     The Gale Group. Retrieved August 11, 2003, from Biography Resource Center. 
 Tribute to the Late Honorable Barbara Jordan. (1996, January 26). Congressional
 
     Record, 142. Retrieved August 12, 2003, from Lexis-Nexis Congressional.
 
 Mergent FIS. (1999, January 24). Company data report: Borders Group, Inc.
 
     Retrieved August 12, 2003, from Thomson Research. 
 Malaysia: percentage of population identified as Muslim: latest year available.
 
     (n.d.). Retrieved on August 12, 2003, from CountryWatch. 
 Average hourly earnings: 2000, 2001, 2002. (2003). Retrieved August 12, 2003
 
     from Global Market Information Database.

The APA examples here are based on the 5th edition of Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. For additional examples, see that print publication. The APA's online guide has some free tips, too.

You may also want to check out the following citation guides on the web: